house



No. 60,416. PATENTED DEC. 11; 1866.

J. M. PERKINS & M. W. HOUSE. x

LAMP.

IMPROVEMENT Iii-Laure.

JOHN M. PERKINS AND MARK W. HOUSE, on CLEVELAND, tonic.

Letters Patent No. 60,416, dated December 11, 1 866. f i

' fiilgtfittehnlt nferrtttu in that 3mm fiat cut ant making e of lip: same.

TO ALL WHOM 1r MAY CONCERN:

,Be it known that. We, JOH N M. Prams and Manx Hopes, of Cleveland, Cuyahoga county, andsthte I of Ohio, have invented new and useful Improvements in Lamps; and wen do hereby declare thefollowing to be a full and exact description of the same.

The nature of our invention consists in making a n'ou-eizplosi'vo lamp. The same letters refer .to the-same parts in all the figures;

Figure 1 is a perspective view of the lump when complete. I p p Figure 2 is a transev'erse elevation of the lamp, showing all the essential parts of the improvement. Figure 3 shows the top view, when'the burner is removed; p 1

.'In the drawings, Arepresents the reservoir for holding the oil or fluid; B, the bnrhing chamber; C, the r collar around the base of the burner; D, the air passage around the burning chamber; E, the wick-tube f h burner; F, the cone ofthe burner; G, the burner 3-H, the fs'lipjoin't I, the fastening that secures the burner to the lamp; 'V', the vent tubes of the reservoir; P, the supply pipeslesding from the reservoir to the burning chamber; S, the perforated screen at the base of the reservoir through which the cold air passes to feed the lime. In constructing this lamp, the burning chamber, 13, is very little or no greater in diameter than the wick tube, E; in depth it should extend a little'bclow the bottom of the-reservoir, A The burner, G, is attached to the burning chamber by slip or telescope joint and secured by the fastening, I. This construction of the joint enables the burner to be detached from the burning chamber with greater ease and facility than it could'be if the ordinary screw joint was used; The reservoir-,1, for holding the oil is made independent of the burning chamber, B, and only connected by the supply oil pipes,- P,, and the vent tubes, Y, for the escape of gases and supply of air to thereservoir. The air space, D between the burning chamber, '3, and the reservoir, A,may be made of any convenient capacity that will furnish a full supply of air for combustion; space of one .fourth to three eighths ofan inch around the burning chamber is found to be ample for that purpose. The supply pipes,-;P,

leading from the bottom of the reservoir to the buruingcliamber, B, should be large enough toadnu'tthe ready flow of oil to the r cservoiriwhen it is'replenished size of one eighth (f) to three sixteenths of an inch inner di ameter i s found toadmittheoil readily, an also to resist the action of flame when of sufiicient length. 1

Wefprefer to make these pipes from one inch to one. and a half inch long, and place them in connection with 'thersservoir,.s'o that'all tli'e oilfwill bedrawnto'the burning chamber. 7 .The vent-tubes, V, are about one six teen'th oi: an incli'iuner diameter, and from eig hthsto one half inch long, connecting the reservoir at its highest pointwith the-burning'chamb'er; these tubes will resistth'e passage offlametto thareservoir when that receptacle-is oliarged'with the most explosive gases, and all gases that are generated in thereservoir are convyed to the burning'chambenuhere theyare at liberty to pass up'to the flame and be consumed. The collar,

0, is attached m ths upper, portion of the burner, (hand extendeidown to the top of thd reservoir, and secures the burner, G, to the bui'hingchamber, I, bythe fastening,- L This collar, connecting the burner, chamber, and

reservoir, completes the air-passage, D. All the air that is fed to. the flame for combustion traverses the air passage throughthe perforated plate, S,'and sir-passage, D, ns shown 'bythe. arrows. The efl'eot of this artificial draught of cold air is to keep. the oil in the burning-chamber and reservoir ata lower temperature than it could be if no draught, was-created, and the air to form combustion supplied through the bsse'of theburner in the commoniway,

Another advantage in this construction of lamps consists in'theuniformityof the light while the fullconj tents of the lamp is being consumed; All 'ho rosenepr burliingpils haves tendency to arrange thcmselvesih strataof difierent specific gravitywhenleftjn s quiescent 'ststefend subjected to heat, the light and etherial portion at the'top,,and the flo'iv gravity-oils at the-bottom. .1 when the reservoir is full, the oil standing on .a'

level in the burning chamben anil that being: suppliedgfrom the bottomof the reservoir; it follows that the "heaviestoil is being consumed when the-oil the lehstdistancexto travel on the wick; when the reservoir is nearly xhou'stdd audLt'he oil hasth e greatest. distance to traverse the wick, the lightest portion of, the oil is being consumed heuce'theuniformitybf the light with the least amount of heat-find adjustment. By taking the cold air to keep up combustion in the manner we doithe flame of the lamp is much less susceptible to motion orcurrents of'air than .in the ordinary lamp. consequence- 0f the lowtemperatnreofthe oil, and body of the lamp, and small amount of conducting surface from the burning chamber to the body o flthe lamp, it is not so; readily covered ithoil on the outside by capillary attraction as the common lamp.

. quantity to become dangerous or do the least damag which flame enters or gases escape is as large as the surface of oil acted upon.

. as shown and described.

In a lamp constructed upon our plan we secure the following advantages: In consequence of the small amount of surface of oil exposed by any means to the action of flame, gases cannot. be "generated in suficient e; the orifice of the opening to the burning chamber aims We can burn in this lamp light oils and volatile fluids, and perfectly control the flarne." The burning chamber and reservoir holding the oil are kept at a low temperature by the current of cold-air assing, and the large amount of oil surface in thelreserv'oir is so protected that flame cannot enter constantly p I it, as repeated tests have shown, byfilling the reservoir with benaine' 'andburning it in'the burning andexplode chamber. v p

The'combustion is more perfect than in lamps taking the supply of air above the body of the lamp, as in.

su'ch lamps, the air entering the burner near the flame becomes heated before entering, while in our lamp the cold ainis brought from a point so far belowthe flame as to'be wholly r nail'ected by it.

What we claim as our inventiomand desire 'to' se'eure by-Letters Patent,-' is-- I 1. The combination of the annular reservoir A,'the annular air chamber D, the burning chamber B, the

supply pipes P, and vent tub'es V, constructed and-arranged, substantially as and for the purposes described I p 2; We also claim the collar 0, in cembinationwith the perforated burner- G,1rhen both are so constructed and arranged as to extend the cold air chamber, D, up arouiid the perforated portion of the-burner, substantially J30. M. PERKINS, MARK-W. HOUSE. v Witnesses r A. J. Msnvnw,

Amman Enwann. 

